Presentation Resources: “Animal Welfare in United States Zoos and Aquariums” – Kyoto City Zoo, September 2025

Publications Mentioned

Alba, A.C., Ferrie, G.M., Schook, M.W., Leahy, M., & Cronin, K.A. (2023). Gender and age, but not visual context, impact wildlife attitudes and perceptions of animals in zoos. Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens. 4: 118-133. link

Binding, S., Farmer, H., Krusin, L., & Cronin, K.A. (2020). The status of welfare research in zoos and aquariums: Where are we, where to next? Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research, 8(3): 166-174. link

Buckanoff, H., & Williams, K. (2024). Perceptions of wildlife in rehabilitation from images and statements. Frontiers in Human Dynamics, 6, 1216121. link

Cronin, K.A., Leahy, M., Ross, S.R., Schook, M. W., Ferrie, G., & Alba, A. (2022). Younger generations are more interested than older generations in having non-domesticated animals as pets. PLOS One. 17(1): e0262208. link

Englund, M.D. & Cronin, K.A. (2023). Choice, control, and animal welfare: definitions and essential inquiries to advance animal welfare science. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 10. link

Freund, C.A., Cronin, K.A., Huang, M., Robinson, N.J., Yoo, B. & DiGiorgio, A. L. (2024). Effects of captions on viewers’ perceptions of images depicting human‐primate interaction. Conservation Biology, 38(3), E14199. link

Leighty, K. A., Valuska, A. J., Grand, A. P., Bettinger, T. L., Mellen, J. D., Ross, S. R., ... & Ogden, J. J. (2015). Impact of visual context on public perceptions of non-human primate performers. PLOS One, 10(2), e0118487. link

O’Brien, S.L. & Cronin, K.A. (2023). Doing better for understudied species: Evaluation and improvement of a species-general animal welfare assessment tool for zoos. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 264. link

Phillips, N., Maréchal, L., Ventura, B., & Cooper, J. (2024). How do perceptions of zoo animal welfare influence public attitudes, experiences, and behavioral intentions? A mixed-methods systematic review. Animal Behavior and Cognition, 11, 404-431. link

Ramont, M., Leahy, M., & Cronin, K.A. (2021). The welfare of domestic goats (Capra hircus) in a zoo-based animal-visitor interaction program. Animal Behavior and Cognition. 8(4), 493-506. link

Ross, S. R., Vreeman, V. M., & Lonsdorf, E. V. (2011). Specific image characteristics influence attitudes about chimpanzee conservation and use as pets. PLOS One, 6(7), e22050. link

Saiyed, S.T., Hopper, L.M. & Cronin, K.A. (2019). Evaluating the behavior and temperament of African penguins in a non-contact animal encounter program. Animals, 9: 326-339. link

Schroepfer, K. K., Rosati, A. G., Chartrand, T., & Hare, B. (2011). Use of “entertainment” chimpanzees in commercials distorts public perception regarding their conservation status. PLOS One, 6(10), e26048. link

Shaw, M. N., McLeod, E. M., Borrie, W. T., & Miller, K. K. (2022). Human positioning in close-encounter photographs and the effect on public perceptions of zoo animals. Animals, 12(1), 11. link

Spooner, S. L., Farnworth, M. J., Ward, S. J., & Whitehouse-Tedd, K. M. (2021). Conservation education: Are zoo animals effective ambassadors and is there any cost to their welfare?. Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens, 2(1), 41-65. link

Wark, J.D. & Cronin, K.A. (2025). Factors shaping giraffe behavior in U.S. zoos: A multi-institutional study to inform management. PLOS One, 20(5): e0324248. link

Wark, J.D. & Cronin, K.A. (2024). The behavior patterns of giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) housed across 18 US zoos. PeerJ. 12, e18164. link

Wark, J.D., Cronin, K.A., Niemann, T., Kao, A., Shender, M.A., Horrigan, A. & Ross, M.R. (2019). Monitoring the behavior and habitat use of animals to enhance welfare using the ZooMonitor app. Animal Behavior & Cognition, 6: 158-168. link

Policies and Resources Mentioned

AZA Accreditation Resource Center (includes AZA Accreditation Standards) link

AZA Accreditation Frequently Asked Questions link

AZA Policy on Responsible Population Management link

AZA Policy Restricting the Use of Nonhuman Primates as Ambassador Animals link

State of Illinois (USA) Wild Animal Public Safety Act link

IUCN Best Practice Guidelines for Responsible Images of Nonhuman Primates link

Lincoln Park Zoo Guiding Principles for Ambassador Animal Programs link

USA Proposed Captive Primate Safety Act link

ZooMonitor & ZooMonitor Community link

ZooMonitor Support Site link

ZooMonitor YouTube channel link