Presentation Resources: “Animal Welfare in United States Zoos and Aquariums” – Kyoto City Zoo, September 2025

Publications Mentioned
Alba, A.C., Ferrie, G.M., Schook, M.W., Leahy, M., & Cronin, K.A. (2023). Gender and age, but not visual context, impact wildlife attitudes and perceptions of animals in zoos. Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens. 4: 118-133. link
Binding, S., Farmer, H., Krusin, L., & Cronin, K.A. (2020). The status of welfare research in zoos and aquariums: Where are we, where to next? Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research, 8(3): 166-174. link
Buckanoff, H., & Williams, K. (2024). Perceptions of wildlife in rehabilitation from images and statements. Frontiers in Human Dynamics, 6, 1216121. link
Cronin, K.A., Leahy, M., Ross, S.R., Schook, M. W., Ferrie, G., & Alba, A. (2022). Younger generations are more interested than older generations in having non-domesticated animals as pets. PLOS One. 17(1): e0262208. link
Englund, M.D. & Cronin, K.A. (2023). Choice, control, and animal welfare: definitions and essential inquiries to advance animal welfare science. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 10. link
Freund, C.A., Cronin, K.A., Huang, M., Robinson, N.J., Yoo, B. & DiGiorgio, A. L. (2024). Effects of captions on viewers’ perceptions of images depicting human‐primate interaction. Conservation Biology, 38(3), E14199. link
Leighty, K. A., Valuska, A. J., Grand, A. P., Bettinger, T. L., Mellen, J. D., Ross, S. R., ... & Ogden, J. J. (2015). Impact of visual context on public perceptions of non-human primate performers. PLOS One, 10(2), e0118487. link
O’Brien, S.L. & Cronin, K.A. (2023). Doing better for understudied species: Evaluation and improvement of a species-general animal welfare assessment tool for zoos. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 264. link
Phillips, N., Maréchal, L., Ventura, B., & Cooper, J. (2024). How do perceptions of zoo animal welfare influence public attitudes, experiences, and behavioral intentions? A mixed-methods systematic review. Animal Behavior and Cognition, 11, 404-431. link
Ramont, M., Leahy, M., & Cronin, K.A. (2021). The welfare of domestic goats (Capra hircus) in a zoo-based animal-visitor interaction program. Animal Behavior and Cognition. 8(4), 493-506. link
Ross, S. R., Vreeman, V. M., & Lonsdorf, E. V. (2011). Specific image characteristics influence attitudes about chimpanzee conservation and use as pets. PLOS One, 6(7), e22050. link
Saiyed, S.T., Hopper, L.M. & Cronin, K.A. (2019). Evaluating the behavior and temperament of African penguins in a non-contact animal encounter program. Animals, 9: 326-339. link
Schroepfer, K. K., Rosati, A. G., Chartrand, T., & Hare, B. (2011). Use of “entertainment” chimpanzees in commercials distorts public perception regarding their conservation status. PLOS One, 6(10), e26048. link
Shaw, M. N., McLeod, E. M., Borrie, W. T., & Miller, K. K. (2022). Human positioning in close-encounter photographs and the effect on public perceptions of zoo animals. Animals, 12(1), 11. link
Spooner, S. L., Farnworth, M. J., Ward, S. J., & Whitehouse-Tedd, K. M. (2021). Conservation education: Are zoo animals effective ambassadors and is there any cost to their welfare?. Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens, 2(1), 41-65. link
Wark, J.D. & Cronin, K.A. (2025). Factors shaping giraffe behavior in U.S. zoos: A multi-institutional study to inform management. PLOS One, 20(5): e0324248. link
Wark, J.D. & Cronin, K.A. (2024). The behavior patterns of giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) housed across 18 US zoos. PeerJ. 12, e18164. link
Wark, J.D., Cronin, K.A., Niemann, T., Kao, A., Shender, M.A., Horrigan, A. & Ross, M.R. (2019). Monitoring the behavior and habitat use of animals to enhance welfare using the ZooMonitor app. Animal Behavior & Cognition, 6: 158-168. link
Policies and Resources Mentioned
AZA Accreditation Resource Center (includes AZA Accreditation Standards) link
AZA Accreditation Frequently Asked Questions link
AZA Policy on Responsible Population Management link
AZA Policy Restricting the Use of Nonhuman Primates as Ambassador Animals link
State of Illinois (USA) Wild Animal Public Safety Act link
IUCN Best Practice Guidelines for Responsible Images of Nonhuman Primates link
Lincoln Park Zoo Guiding Principles for Ambassador Animal Programs link
USA Proposed Captive Primate Safety Act link
ZooMonitor & ZooMonitor Community link
ZooMonitor Support Site link
ZooMonitor YouTube channel link